Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Filter Type | Construction | Maximum DC Resistance | Maximum Frequency | Material | Rated Current | Minimum Insulation Resistance | Approvals (V) | Power Supply (V) | No. of Functions | Technology | Screening Level | Output Impedance (ohm) | High Pot | Packing Method | Mounting Type | Rated Voltage | No. of Terminals | Sub-Category | Dimensions | Case Code | Maximum Operating Temperature | Attenuation At Maximum Frequency | Minimum Attenuation Frequency | Package Material | Minimum Operating Temperature | Attenuation At Minimum Frequency | Terminal Finish | Inductance | Maximum Attenuation Frequency | Manufacturer Series | Height | Width (mm) | Diameter (mm) | Maximum Insertion Loss | Additional Features | JESD-609 Code | Minimum Frequency | Operating Frequency (Hz) | Series | Length | Capacitance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FEED THROUGH CAPACITOR |
4 A |
200 Mohm |
1 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
6.3 V |
3 |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
C-TYPE CIRCUIT |
e3 |
2 mm |
2200000 uF |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.15 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
1.5 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
1 ohm |
.2 A |
IEC |
2 |
3000 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
60 V |
4 |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
51 uH |
2.7 mm |
3.22 |
IMPEDANCE AT 10 MHZ |
e3 |
4.55 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.38 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.25 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.02 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
4 A |
1 |
220 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
Other Passive Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.6 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.063 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
1.6 mm |
1.6 |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Abb |
DATA LINE FILTER MODULE |
.014 ohm |
10 A |
CSA |
1 |
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT |
75 V |
5 |
100 Cel |
METAL |
-40 Cel |
11.7 mm |
27.9 |
50.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vicor |
DATA LINE FILTER |
7 A |
1 |
50 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
28 V |
10 |
L24.867XB12.421XH3.353 (mm)/L0.979XB0.489XH0.132 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
3.353 mm |
12.421 |
IMPEDANCE 50 OHM AT 1 MHZ IS AVAILLABLE |
24.867 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FEED THROUGH CAPACITOR |
.01 ohm |
6 A |
100 Mohm |
1 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
3 |
L5.7XB5.0XH2.2 (mm)/L0.224XB0.197XH0.087 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
2.2 mm |
5.0 |
C-TYPE CIRCUIT |
e3 |
5.7 mm |
1500000 uF |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.45 ohm |
.28 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
370 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L2.0XB1.2XH1.2 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.047 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
1.2 mm |
1.2 |
COMMON MODE CHOKE |
e3 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.8 ohm |
.26 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.9 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.075 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN |
1.9 mm |
1.6 |
MAGNETICALLY SHIELDED ONE CIRCUIT TYPE |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.4 ohm |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.2 ohm |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN NICKEL COPPER |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
e2 |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Laird Technologies |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.0003 ohm |
75 A |
2 |
160 OHM |
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT |
4 |
L13.72XB10.41XH15.24 (mm)/L0.54XB0.41XH0.6 (inch) |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
15.24 mm |
10.41 |
e3 |
13.72 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multilayer Chip |
.1 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
2 A |
1 |
60 OHM |
TR, 7 Inch |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
DATA LINE FILTER |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
DATA LINE FILTER |
1 ohm |
.2 A |
10 Mohm |
IEC |
2 |
2800 OHM |
TR, BLISTER, 13 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L4.5XB3.2XH2.8 (mm)/L0.177XB0.126XH0.11 (inch) |
150 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
51 uH |
2.8 mm |
3.2 |
AEC-Q200 |
e3 |
4.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.12 ohm |
1.5 A |
UL |
2 |
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT |
250 V |
4 |
L17.5XB13.0XH22.0 (mm)/L0.689XB0.512XH0.866 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
3300 uH |
22 mm |
13.0 |
17.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.005 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
6 A |
1 |
48 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
RECTANGULAR CHIP |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FEED THROUGH CAPACITOR |
.09 ohm |
1 A |
1000 Mohm |
1 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
16 V |
3 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
C-TYPE CIRCUIT |
e3 |
1.6 mm |
22000 uF |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Texas Instruments |
DATA LINE FILTER |
115 ohm |
IEC |
8 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
16 |
Data Line Filters |
L3.4XB1.45XH0.8 (mm)/L0.134XB0.057XH0.031 (inch) |
85 Cel |
PLASTIC |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER |
.8 mm |
1.45 |
e4 |
3.4 mm |
8.5 uF |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.08 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
1.7 A |
1 |
330 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
DATA LINE FILTER |
1.1 ohm |
4 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
8 |
Data Line Filters |
L2.0XB2.0XH1.0 (mm)/L0.079XB0.079XH0.039 (inch) |
85 Cel |
PLASTIC |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL GOLD PALLADIUM |
1 mm |
2.0 |
CUT-OFF FREQUENCY 16 MHZ |
2 mm |
205 uF |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.32 ohm |
.8 A |
2 |
1500 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L9.2XB6.0XH5.0 (mm)/L0.362XB0.236XH0.197 (inch) |
105 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
50 uH |
5 mm |
6.0 |
e3 |
9.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
EMI FILTER |
4.5 ohm |
.1 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
AEC-Q200 |
TR, 13 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L4.5XB3.2XH2.8 (mm)/L0.177XB0.126XH0.11 (inch) |
105 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN NICKEL COPPER |
200 uH |
2.8 mm |
3.2 |
AEC-Q200 |
e2 |
4.5 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.05 ohm |
2.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.45 ohm |
300 MHz |
Ferrite |
.95 A |
1 |
470 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.2 A |
1 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
25 V |
3 |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.8 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.071 (inch) |
85 Cel |
30 dB |
20 MHz |
-40 Cel |
5 dB |
TIN COPPER |
1000 MHz |
1.8 mm |
1.6 |
30 dB |
PI-TYPE CIRCUIT; CUT-OFF FREQUENCY 10 MHZ |
e2 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.06 ohm |
110 MHz |
Ferrite |
3 A |
1 |
300 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
Other Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
.45 ohm |
.3 A |
1 |
1800 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.25XH1.25 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.049 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
1.25 mm |
1.25 |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.9 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.0XB0.5XH0.5 (mm)/L0.039XB0.02XH0.02 (inch) |
0402 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.5 mm |
0.5 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.5 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.4 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.21 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
550 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Pulse Electronics |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.04 ohm |
4.7 A |
2 |
AEC-Q200 |
TR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
4 |
L19.56XB17.02XH9.91 (mm)/L0.77XB0.67XH0.39 (inch) |
120 Cel |
-40 Cel |
770 uH |
9.91 mm |
17.02 |
19.56 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
2 ohm |
.2 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
AEC-Q200 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L4.5XB3.2XH2.6 (mm)/L0.177XB0.126XH0.102 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN |
100 uH |
2.6 mm |
3.2 |
e3 |
4.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
DATA LINE FILTER |
1 |
TAPE AND REEL |
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT |
D17.0XH8.0 (mm)/D0.669XH0.315 (inch) |
70 Cel |
-20 Cel |
8 mm |
17 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.15 ohm |
400 MHz |
Ferrite |
1 A |
1 |
100 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.2XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.035 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.008 ohm |
6.5 A |
IEC |
1 |
26 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.025 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
3 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.5 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.02 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.5 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
4.9 ohm |
.08 A |
100 Mohm |
2 |
330 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
5 V |
4 |
L1.25XB1.0XH0.82 (mm)/L0.049XB0.039XH0.032 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN |
.82 mm |
1.0 |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
.1 ohm |
2 A |
1 |
60 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
DATA LINE FILTER |
115 ohm |
IEC |
6 |
50 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
5 V |
12 |
Data Line Filters |
L3.0XB1.35XH1.0 (mm)/L0.118XB0.053XH0.039 (inch) |
85 Cel |
30 dB |
PLASTIC |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
800 MHz |
1 mm |
1.35 |
CUT-OFF FREQUENCY AT 35 MHZ; PI-TYPE CIRCUIT |
e4 |
3 mm |
100 uF |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Laird Technologies |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.0008 ohm |
15 A |
2 |
33 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
4 |
L5.6XB5.0XH2.85 (mm)/L0.22XB0.197XH0.112 (inch) |
Tin (Sn) |
2.85 mm |
5.0 |
e3 |
5.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
.1 ohm |
2 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multilayer Chip |
.035 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
2.7 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
85 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
.1 ohm |
2 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.06XB0.03XH0.03 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.1 ohm |
Ferrite |
.6 A |
1 |
40 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN NICKEL COPPER |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e2 |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.25 ohm |
.3 A |
1 |
60 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.0XB0.5XH0.5 (mm)/L0.039XB0.02XH0.02 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.5 mm |
0.5 |
e3 |
1 mm |
Data line filters are electronic filters that are used to filter out noise and interference from data communication lines. They are designed to provide a high level of attenuation of unwanted frequencies while allowing the desired data signal to pass through with minimal distortion.
Data line filters use a combination of passive and active components, including resistors, capacitors, inductors, and op-amps, to filter out noise and interference from data communication lines. They can be designed for a wide range of communication standards, including Ethernet, USB, HDMI, and other data communication protocols.
Data line filters can be designed as low-pass filters, which allow low-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating high-frequency signals, or as band-stop filters, which block a specific range of frequencies while allowing other frequencies to pass through. They can also be designed with multiple stages of filtering to provide increased attenuation of unwanted frequencies.
Data line filters are commonly used in a variety of electronic systems, including computers, telecommunication equipment, medical equipment, and industrial control systems. They are also used in data centers and other applications where high-speed data communication is critical.